📖 今天要学习的句子
This is precisely what research has shown. People who are better at delaying gratification have higher SAT scores, lower levels of substance abuse, lower likelihood of obesity, better responses to stress, and superior social skills. We’ve all seen this play out in our own lives. If you delay watching television and get your homework done, you’ll generally learn more and get better grades. If you don’t buy desserts and chips at the store, you’ll often eat healthier food when you get home. At some point, success in nearly every field requires you to ignore an immediate reward in favor of a delayed reward. Here’s the problem: most people know that delaying gratification is the wise approach. They want the benefits of good habits: to be healthy, productive, at peace. But these outcomes are seldom top-of-mind at the decisive moment. Thankfully, it’s possible to train yourself to delay gratification—but you need to work with the grain of human nature, not against it. The best way to do this is to add a little bit of immediate pleasure to the habits that pay off in the long-run and a little bit of immediate pain to ones that don’t. How to Turn Instant Gratification to Your Advantage The vital thing in getting a habit to stick is to feel successful—even if it’s in a small way. The feeling of success is a signal that your habit paid off and that the work was worth the effort.
这正是研究已经表明的内容。更善于延迟满足的人,SAT 分数更高,物质滥用水平更低,肥胖可能性更低,应对压力的反应更好,社交技能也更优秀。我们都在自己的生活中见过这种情况。如果你推迟看电视,先把作业完成,你通常会学到更多,也会取得更好的成绩。如果你不在商店买甜点和薯片,回家后通常就会吃更健康的食物。在某个阶段,几乎每个领域的成功都要求你忽视即时奖励,转而选择延迟奖励。问题在于:大多数人都知道延迟满足是明智的做法。他们想要好习惯带来的好处:健康、高效、内心平静。但在决定性时刻,这些结果很少会成为最先想到的事。好在,你可以训练自己延迟满足,但你需要顺应人性,而不是违背人性。做到这一点的最好方法,是给那些长期有回报的习惯增加一点即时快乐,给那些没有回报的习惯增加一点即时痛苦。如何把即时满足转化为你的优势。让习惯坚持下来的关键,是感到自己成功了,即使只是很小的成功。成功感是一种信号,说明你的习惯已经带来回报,你付出的努力是值得的。
This is precisely what research has shown.
这正是研究已经表明的内容。
precisely /prɪˈsaɪsli/
正是;准确地
Ex: That is precisely the habit I want to build.
例句翻译:那正是我想养成的习惯。
分析:precisely 用来强调准确、正是如此。
research has shown /ˈriːsɜːrtʃ hæz ʃoʊn/
研究已经表明
Ex: Research has shown that sleep improves memory.
例句翻译:研究已经表明睡眠能改善记忆。
分析:这个表达常用于引出研究发现。
People who are better at delaying gratification have higher SAT scores, lower levels of substance abuse, lower likelihood of obesity, better responses to stress, and superior social skills.
更善于延迟满足的人,SAT 分数更高,物质滥用水平更低,肥胖可能性更低,应对压力的反应更好,社交技能也更优秀。
delaying gratification /dɪˈleɪɪŋ ˌɡrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/
延迟满足
Ex: Delaying gratification helps you save for bigger goals.
例句翻译:延迟满足能帮助你为更大的目标存钱。
分析:delaying gratification 指愿意推迟即时享受,等待更大的回报。
SAT scores /ˌes eɪ ˈtiː skɔːrz/
SAT 分数
Ex: Higher SAT scores can help students apply to some colleges.
例句翻译:更高的 SAT 分数能帮助学生申请一些大学。
分析:SAT scores 指美国大学入学考试的分数。
substance abuse /ˈsʌbstəns əˈbjuːs/
药物或物质滥用
Ex: The program helps teenagers avoid substance abuse.
例句翻译:这个项目帮助青少年避免物质滥用。
分析:substance abuse 指酒精、药物等有害或成瘾性使用。
likelihood /ˈlaɪklihʊd/
可能性
Ex: Planning meals lowers the likelihood of ordering fast food.
例句翻译:提前规划餐食会降低点快餐的可能性。
分析:likelihood 表示某事发生的概率。
obesity /oʊˈbiːsəti/
肥胖
Ex: Regular walking can reduce the risk of obesity.
例句翻译:规律散步可以降低肥胖风险。
分析:obesity 指严重超出健康范围的肥胖状态。
responses to stress /rɪˈspɑːnsɪz tuː stres/
对压力的反应
Ex: Deep breathing can improve your responses to stress.
例句翻译:深呼吸能改善你对压力的反应。
分析:responses to stress 指面对压力时的身心反应。
superior /suːˈpɪriər/
更好的;更优秀的
Ex: Clear instructions lead to superior results.
例句翻译:清晰的说明会带来更好的结果。
分析:superior 表示质量或表现更高。
social skills /ˈsoʊʃl skɪlz/
社交技能
Ex: Group projects can build social skills.
例句翻译:小组项目可以培养社交技能。
分析:social skills 指与他人沟通和相处的能力。
We’ve all seen this play out in our own lives.
我们都在自己的生活中见过这种情况。
play out /pleɪ aʊt/
发生;展开
Ex: We watched the plan play out over several weeks.
例句翻译:我们看着这个计划在几周内逐步展开。
分析:play out 指事情按某种方式发展或显现。
If you delay watching television and get your homework done, you’ll generally learn more and get better grades.
如果你推迟看电视,先把作业完成,你通常会学到更多,也会取得更好的成绩。
delay /dɪˈleɪ/
推迟
Ex: Delay checking your phone until after breakfast.
例句翻译:把看手机推迟到早餐后。
分析:delay 作动词时表示把某事往后推。
generally /ˈdʒenrəli/
通常;一般来说
Ex: People generally learn faster with regular practice.
例句翻译:人们通常通过规律练习学得更快。
分析:generally 表示通常情况下。
If you don’t buy desserts and chips at the store, you’ll often eat healthier food when you get home.
如果你不在商店买甜点和薯片,回家后通常就会吃更健康的食物。
desserts /dɪˈzɜːrts/
甜点
Ex: We saved desserts for the weekend.
例句翻译:我们把甜点留到周末吃。
分析:desserts 指饭后甜食。
chips /tʃɪps/
薯片
Ex: He stopped buying chips for late-night snacks.
例句翻译:他不再买薯片当夜宵。
分析:chips 在美式英语中常指薯片。
At some point, success in nearly every field requires you to ignore an immediate reward in favor of a delayed reward.
在某个阶段,几乎每个领域的成功都要求你忽视即时奖励,转而选择延迟奖励。
at some point /æt səm pɔɪnt/
在某个阶段
Ex: At some point, every beginner needs feedback.
例句翻译:在某个阶段,每个初学者都需要反馈。
分析:at some point 指某个不具体的时间点。
nearly every field /ˈnɪrli ˈevri fiːld/
几乎每个领域
Ex: Patience matters in nearly every field.
例句翻译:耐心在几乎每个领域都很重要。
分析:field 指领域,nearly 表示几乎。
ignore /ɪɡˈnɔːr/
忽视;不理会
Ex: Ignore small distractions when you study.
例句翻译:学习时忽视小干扰。
分析:ignore 表示有意识地不关注某事。
in favor of /ɪn ˈfeɪvər əv/
为了;选择……而不是……
Ex: She skipped dessert in favor of fruit.
例句翻译:她没吃甜点,而是选择了水果。
分析:in favor of 表示选择一个而放弃另一个。
delayed reward /dɪˈleɪd rɪˈwɔːrd/
延迟奖励
Ex: Studying tonight is a delayed reward because the grade comes later.
例句翻译:今晚学习是一种延迟奖励,因为成绩之后才会出现。
分析:delayed reward 指要等一段时间后才得到的回报。
Here’s the problem: most people know that delaying gratification is the wise approach.
问题在于:大多数人都知道延迟满足是明智的做法。
delaying gratification /dɪˈleɪɪŋ ˌɡrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/
延迟满足
Ex: Delaying gratification helps you save for bigger goals.
例句翻译:延迟满足能帮助你为更大的目标存钱。
分析:delaying gratification 指愿意推迟即时享受,等待更大的回报。
wise approach /waɪz əˈproʊtʃ/
明智的做法
Ex: A wise approach is to start with one small change.
例句翻译:明智的做法是从一个小改变开始。
分析:wise approach 指理智、有效的处理方式。
They want the benefits of good habits: to be healthy, productive, at peace.
他们想要好习惯带来的好处:健康、高效、内心平静。
benefits /ˈbenɪfɪts/
好处
Ex: The benefits of exercise appear over time.
例句翻译:运动的好处会随着时间显现。
分析:benefits 指积极结果或好处。
productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/
高效的;有产出的
Ex: A quiet morning helps me feel productive.
例句翻译:安静的早晨让我感觉很高效。
分析:productive 表示能完成有价值的事情。
at peace /æt piːs/
内心平静
Ex: A clean desk helps her feel at peace.
例句翻译:干净的书桌让她感到内心平静。
分析:at peace 表示平和、安心。
But these outcomes are seldom top-of-mind at the decisive moment.
但在决定性时刻,这些结果很少会成为最先想到的事。
seldom /ˈseldəm/
很少
Ex: He seldom eats breakfast before work.
例句翻译:他上班前很少吃早餐。
分析:seldom 表示频率很低。
top-of-mind /ˌtɑːp əv ˈmaɪnd/
首先想到的;最挂在心上的
Ex: During a sale, your budget may not be top-of-mind.
例句翻译:促销时,你的预算可能不是最先想到的事。
分析:top-of-mind 指某事很容易被想起、占据注意力。
decisive moment /dɪˈsaɪsɪv ˈmoʊmənt/
决定性时刻
Ex: The decisive moment comes when dessert is on the table.
例句翻译:甜点摆上桌时,决定性时刻就来了。
分析:decisive moment 指真正需要做选择的关键时刻。
Thankfully, it’s possible to train yourself to delay gratification—but you need to work with the grain of human nature, not against it.
好在,你可以训练自己延迟满足,但你需要顺应人性,而不是违背人性。
train yourself /treɪn jɔːrˈself/
训练自己
Ex: You can train yourself to read before checking messages.
例句翻译:你可以训练自己先阅读再查看消息。
分析:train yourself 表示通过练习改变自己的反应。
work with the grain /wɜːrk wɪð ðə ɡreɪn/
顺势而为;顺着本性
Ex: Make the task enjoyable so you work with the grain of motivation.
例句翻译:让任务变得有趣,这样你就能顺着动机做事。
分析:work with the grain 原指顺着木纹,这里比喻顺应人的天性。
human nature /ˈhjuːmən ˈneɪtʃər/
人性
Ex: Wanting comfort is part of human nature.
例句翻译:想要舒适是人性的一部分。
分析:human nature 指人类共有的倾向和特质。
The best way to do this is to add a little bit of immediate pleasure to the habits that pay off in the long-run and a little bit of immediate pain to ones that don’t.
做到这一点的最好方法,是给那些长期有回报的习惯增加一点即时快乐,给那些没有回报的习惯增加一点即时痛苦。
pay off /peɪ ɔːf/
带来回报;奏效
Ex: Daily practice will pay off during the exam.
例句翻译:每日练习会在考试时带来回报。
分析:pay off 表示努力最终产生好结果。
long-run /ˌlɔːŋ ˈrʌn/
长期的
Ex: A long-run plan helps you ignore short-term noise.
例句翻译:长期计划能帮助你忽视短期干扰。
分析:long-run 表示从长期看。
immediate pain /ɪˈmiːdiət peɪn/
即时痛苦
Ex: A small fine adds immediate pain to being late.
例句翻译:小额罚款会给迟到增加即时痛苦。
分析:immediate pain 指马上出现的不舒服或代价。
How to Turn Instant Gratification to Your Advantage
如何把即时满足转化为你的优势。
turn to your advantage /tɜːrn tuː jʊr ədˈvæntɪdʒ/
转化为你的优势
Ex: You can turn feedback to your advantage by acting on it.
例句翻译:你可以通过采纳反馈,把它转化为你的优势。
分析:turn...to your advantage 表示把某事变成对自己有利。
The vital thing in getting a habit to stick is to feel successful—even if it’s in a small way.
让习惯坚持下来的关键,是感到自己成功了,即使只是很小的成功。
vital /ˈvaɪtl/
至关重要的
Ex: Sleep is vital for learning and memory.
例句翻译:睡眠对学习和记忆至关重要。
分析:vital 表示非常重要、不可缺少。
habit to stick /ˈhæbɪt tuː stɪk/
习惯坚持下来
Ex: Make the first step easy if you want the habit to stick.
例句翻译:如果你想让习惯坚持下来,就把第一步变简单。
分析:stick 在这里表示持续存在、坚持下来。
feel successful /fiːl səkˈsesfl/
感到成功
Ex: A tiny win can help you feel successful.
例句翻译:一个小小的胜利能让你感到成功。
分析:feel successful 强调主观上的成功感。
The feeling of success is a signal that your habit paid off and that the work was worth the effort.
成功感是一种信号,说明你的习惯已经带来回报,你付出的努力是值得的。
paid off /peɪd ɔːf/
有回报;奏效
Ex: Her patience paid off when the project succeeded.
例句翻译:项目成功时,她的耐心得到了回报。
分析:paid off 是 pay off 的过去式,表示努力值得。
worth the effort /wɜːrθ ði ˈefərt/
值得努力
Ex: The hike was hard but worth the effort.
例句翻译:徒步很累,但值得努力。
分析:worth the effort 表示付出的努力有价值。
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