Our behavior is heavily dependent on these predictions.Put another way, our behavior is heavily dependent on how we interpret the events that happen to us, not necessarily the objective reality of the events themselves.Two people can look at the same cigarette, and one feels the urge to smoke while the other is repulsed by the smell.The same cue can spark a good habit or a bad habit depending on your prediction.The cause of your habits is actually the prediction that precedes them.These predictions lead to feelings, which is how we typically describe a craving—a feeling, a desire, an urge.Feelings and emotions transform the cues we perceive and the predictions we make into a signal that we can apply.They help explain what we are currently sensing.For instance, whether or not you realize it, you are noticing how warm or cold you feel right now.If the temperature drops by one degree, you probably won't do anything.If the temperature drops ten degrees, however, you'll feel cold and put on another layer of clothing.Feeling cold was the signal that prompted you to act.You have been sensing the cues the entire time, but it is only when you predict that you would be better off in a different state that you take action.A craving is the sense that something is missing.It is the desire to change your internal state.When the temperature falls, there is a gap between what your body is currently sensing and what it wants to be sensing.This gap between your current state and your desired state provides a reason to act.Desire is the difference between where you are now and where you want to be in the future.Even the tiniest action is tinged with the motivation to feel differently than you do in the moment.When you binge-eat or light up or browse social media, what you really want is not a potato chip or a cigarette or a bunch of likes.What you really want is to feel different.
Our behavior is heavily dependent on these predictions.
我们的行为在很大程度上取决于这些预测。
behavior/bɪˈheɪvjər/
n. 行为
Ex: Small behavior changes can lead to big results.
例句翻译:小的行为改变会带来大的结果。 分析:这里指我们日常做出的行动和反应。
heavily/ˈhevɪli/
adv. 在很大程度上
Ex: The outcome depends heavily on practice.
例句翻译:结果在很大程度上取决于练习。 分析:强调依赖程度很高,不是轻微影响。
dependent on/dɪˈpendənt ɑːn/
phr. 取决于;依赖于
Ex: Success is dependent on consistency.
例句翻译:成功取决于持续一致。 分析:常用结构,表示某事由另一因素决定。
predictions/prɪˈdɪkʃnz/
n. 预测(复数)
Ex: Your predictions shape your choices.
例句翻译:你的预测会塑造你的选择。 分析:指大脑对下一步行动及结果的预判。
Put another way, our behavior is heavily dependent on how we interpret the events that happen to us, not necessarily the objective reality of the events themselves.
Feelings and emotions transform the cues we perceive and the predictions we make into a signal that we can apply.
感觉与情绪会把我们感知到的提示,以及我们做出的预测,转化为我们可以采取行动的信号。
emotions/ɪˈmoʊʃnz/
n. 情绪(复数)
Ex: Emotions can drive decisions quickly.
例句翻译:情绪会快速驱动决定。 分析:这里与 feelings 并列,强调内在体验会影响行为。
transform/trænsˈfɔːrm/
v. 转化;改变
Ex: A new belief can transform a habit.
例句翻译:一个新信念可以改变一个习惯。 分析:强调把信息变成可执行的“信号”。
perceive/pərˈsiːv/
v. 感知;察觉
Ex: We perceive threats before we think.
例句翻译:我们常常先察觉威胁,再开始思考。 分析:强调你“感觉到/注意到”线索。
signal/ˈsɪɡnəl/
n. 信号
Ex: Pain is a signal to stop.
例句翻译:疼痛是让你停下来的信号。 分析:这里指一种让你“可以行动”的提示。
They help explain what we are currently sensing.
它们帮助解释我们此刻正在感受到什么。
explain/ɪkˈspleɪn/
v. 解释;说明
Ex: This helps explain his reaction.
例句翻译:这有助于解释他的反应。 分析:表示让你理解当前体验的意义。
currently/ˈkɜːrəntli/
adv. 目前;此刻
Ex: I'm currently reading a new book.
例句翻译:我目前在读一本新书。 分析:强调当下的状态。
sensing/ˈsensɪŋ/
v. 感觉到;感知(现在分词)
Ex: He was sensing danger nearby.
例句翻译:他感觉到附近有危险。 分析:与 cues 呼应,表示你在持续接收信息。
For instance, whether or not you realize it, you are noticing how warm or cold you feel right now.
比如,不管你有没有意识到,你现在正在注意自己觉得热还是冷。
For instance/fər ˈɪnstəns/
phr. 例如
Ex: For instance, you may feel tired after lunch.
例句翻译:例如,你午饭后可能会觉得困。 分析:用于引出具体例子来说明观点。
whether or not/ˈweðər ɔːr nɑːt/
phr. 不管是否
Ex: Whether or not you agree, it's true.
例句翻译:不管你同不同意,这都是真的。 分析:强调即使你没意识到,这个过程也在发生。
realize/ˈriːəlaɪz/
v. 意识到
Ex: He didn't realize he was stressed.
例句翻译:他没意识到自己压力很大。 分析:指出很多线索感知是无意识的。
noticing/ˈnoʊtɪsɪŋ/
v. 注意到(现在分词)
Ex: I'm noticing a change in my mood.
例句翻译:我注意到自己的情绪在变化。 分析:这里说明身体感受也是一种“线索”。
If the temperature drops by one degree, you probably won't do anything.
如果温度下降一度,你可能不会做任何事。
temperature/ˈtemprətʃər/
n. 温度
Ex: The temperature fell overnight.
例句翻译:温度一夜之间下降了。 分析:这里用来举例说明“感受阈值”与行动的关系。
drops/drɑːps/
v. 下降(第三人称单数)
Ex: Sales drop in winter.
例句翻译:冬天销量会下降。 分析:drop 表示降低/下跌。
probably/ˈprɑːbəbli/
adv. 很可能
Ex: He'll probably be late.
例句翻译:他很可能会迟到。 分析:表示推测,不是绝对。
won't/woʊnt/
v. 不会(will not)
Ex: I won't forget.
例句翻译:我不会忘。 分析:表示预测结果是“不采取行动”。
If the temperature drops ten degrees, however, you'll feel cold and put on another layer of clothing.
但如果温度下降十度,你就会感觉冷,然后再加一件衣服。
however/haʊˈevər/
adv. 然而;不过
Ex: It was hard; however, we finished.
例句翻译:很难,不过我们完成了。 分析:用于转折,对比前一句的情况。
put on/pʊt ɑːn/
phr. 穿上
Ex: Put on your coat.
例句翻译:把外套穿上。 分析:非常常见的短语动词。
layer/ˈleɪər/
n. 层
Ex: Add another layer for warmth.
例句翻译:再加一层来保暖。 分析:clothing layer 表示衣服的层数。
clothing/ˈkloʊðɪŋ/
n. 衣物(总称)
Ex: Warm clothing is necessary in winter.
例句翻译:冬天需要保暖衣物。 分析:集合名词,不常用复数形式。
Feeling cold was the signal that prompted you to act.
感觉到冷,就是促使你行动的信号。
signal/ˈsɪɡnəl/
n. 信号
Ex: Hunger is a signal to eat.
例句翻译:饥饿是让你去吃东西的信号。 分析:这里强调感觉在指导行动。
prompted/ˈprɑːmptɪd/
v. 促使;引起(过去式)
Ex: The news prompted him to call home.
例句翻译:这条消息促使他给家里打电话。 分析:prompt 表示让某个行动发生。
act/ækt/
v. 行动
Ex: You need to act quickly.
例句翻译:你需要迅速行动。 分析:这里指采取具体行为:加衣服。
You have been sensing the cues the entire time, but it is only when you predict that you would be better off in a different state that you take action.
你一直都在感知提示,但只有当你预测“换一种状态会更好”时,你才会采取行动。
the entire time/ði ɪnˈtaɪər taɪm/
phr. 一直以来;整个过程中
Ex: He was nervous the entire time.
例句翻译:他整个过程中都很紧张。 分析:强调线索一直存在,只是强度不同。
predict/prɪˈdɪkt/
v. 预测;预判
Ex: We predict outcomes based on past results.
例句翻译:我们根据过去结果预测未来。 分析:这里指大脑判断“改变状态会更好”。
better off/ˈbetər ɔːf/
phr. 处境更好
Ex: You'll be better off with more sleep.
例句翻译:多睡一点你会更舒服/更好。 分析:表示在某种条件下会更舒适、更有利。
state/steɪt/
n. 状态
Ex: He was in a relaxed state.
例句翻译:他处于放松状态。 分析:这里指身体/情绪的内部状态。
A craving is the sense that something is missing.
渴望是一种“缺了点什么”的感觉。
craving/ˈkreɪvɪŋ/
n. 渴望
Ex: A craving can feel like discomfort.
例句翻译:渴望可能像一种不适感。 分析:这里开始给 craving 下定义。
sense/sens/
n. 感觉;感受
Ex: He had a sense of urgency.
例句翻译:他有一种紧迫感。 分析:这里指一种主观体验,不是逻辑判断。
missing/ˈmɪsɪŋ/
adj. 缺失的;缺少的
Ex: Something felt missing in his life.
例句翻译:他觉得生活里缺了点什么。 分析:强调一种“空缺/不完整”的感觉。
It is the desire to change your internal state.
它是想要改变自己内部状态的欲望。
desire/dɪˈzaɪər/
n. 欲望;渴望
Ex: The desire for comfort is powerful.
例句翻译:对舒适的渴望很强大。 分析:比 want 更正式,强调内在驱动力。
internal/ɪnˈtɜːrnl/
adj. 内部的;内在的
Ex: Internal feelings can change quickly.
例句翻译:内在感受会很快变化。 分析:这里指身体与情绪的内部体验。
state/steɪt/
n. 状态
Ex: He wanted to change his emotional state.
例句翻译:他想改变自己的情绪状态。 分析:与上文“更好的状态”呼应。
When the temperature falls, there is a gap between what your body is currently sensing and what it wants to be sensing.
当温度下降时,你的身体此刻感受到的状态,与你想要感受到的状态之间,会出现一个差距。
falls/fɔːlz/
v. 下降(第三人称单数)
Ex: The temperature falls at night.
例句翻译:夜里温度会下降。 分析:fall 可用于温度、价格、水平等下降。
gap/ɡæp/
n. 差距;间隔
Ex: There's a gap between plan and reality.
例句翻译:计划与现实之间有差距。 分析:这里是关键概念:当前状态 vs 理想状态。
currently/ˈkɜːrəntli/
adv. 目前;此刻
Ex: I'm currently feeling tired.
例句翻译:我现在有点累。 分析:强调当下身体的真实感受。
wants/wɑːnts/
v. 想要(第三人称单数)
Ex: Your body wants to feel safe.
例句翻译:你的身体想要感到安全。 分析:把身体“想要的状态”拟人化,便于理解动机。
This gap between your current state and your desired state provides a reason to act.
你当前状态与理想状态之间的差距,为行动提供了理由。
desired/dɪˈzaɪərd/
adj. 理想的;想要的
Ex: He moved closer to his desired outcome.
例句翻译:他离自己想要的结果更近了。 分析:desired state 指你希望达到的那种状态。
provides/prəˈvaɪdz/
v. 提供(第三人称单数)
Ex: This method provides clear guidance.
例句翻译:这个方法提供了清晰的指导。 分析:provide a reason 表示“提供理由”。
reason/ˈriːzn/
n. 理由;原因
Ex: He had a reason to change.
例句翻译:他有改变的理由。 分析:说明“差距”会推动你采取行动。
act/ækt/
v. 行动
Ex: People act when the discomfort grows.
例句翻译:当不适感增强时,人们会行动。 分析:这里强调渴望最终导向行为。
Desire is the difference between where you are now and where you want to be in the future.
欲望,是你现在的位置与未来想到达的位置之间的差距。
difference/ˈdɪfrəns/
n. 差异;差距
Ex: There's a difference between knowing and doing.
例句翻译:知道和做到之间有差距。 分析:这里把 desire 定义为一种“差距”。
future/ˈfjuːtʃər/
n. 未来
Ex: She planned for the future.
例句翻译:她为未来做计划。 分析:与 now 对照,强调时间维度的目标。
want to be/wɑːnt tə bi/
phr. 想成为/想处于
Ex: I want to be healthier.
例句翻译:我想更健康。 分析:表示你理想中的状态或位置。
Even the tiniest action is tinged with the motivation to feel differently than you do in the moment.
即使是最微小的行动,也会带着一种想让自己此刻感觉不同的动机。
tiniest/ˈtaɪniəst/
adj. 最微小的
Ex: Even the tiniest step matters.
例句翻译:即使最小的一步也很重要。 分析:强调程度极小,却仍然带有动机。
tinged with/tɪndʒd wɪð/
phr. 带有(某种色彩/意味)
Ex: His voice was tinged with sadness.
例句翻译:他的声音带着一丝悲伤。 分析:表示行动并非纯粹中性,而带着某种动机色彩。
motivation/ˌmoʊtɪˈveɪʃn/
n. 动机;驱动力
Ex: Motivation can come from discomfort.
例句翻译:动机可能来自不适感。 分析:这里指驱使你行动的内在原因。
in the moment/ɪn ðə ˈmoʊmənt/
phr. 当下;此刻
Ex: In the moment, he forgot his goal.
例句翻译:当下他忘了自己的目标。 分析:强调发生在当前这一刻的感受。
When you binge-eat or light up or browse social media, what you really want is not a potato chip or a cigarette or a bunch of likes.
当你暴饮暴食、点上一支烟,或刷社交媒体时,你真正想要的并不是一片薯片、一支香烟,或一堆点赞。
binge-eat/ˈbɪndʒ iːt/
v. 暴饮暴食
Ex: He tends to binge-eat when stressed.
例句翻译:他压力大时容易暴饮暴食。 分析:binge 表示一次性大量、失控地做某事。
light up/laɪt ʌp/
phr. 点烟;点燃
Ex: He lit up a cigarette outside.
例句翻译:他在外面点了一支烟。 分析:口语表达,这里指点上一支烟开始抽。
browse/braʊz/
v. 浏览;刷
Ex: She browsed social media before bed.
例句翻译:她睡前刷了社交媒体。 分析:表示随意、持续地看内容。
a bunch of/ə bʌntʃ əv/
phr. 一堆;很多
Ex: I got a bunch of messages.
例句翻译:我收到了一堆消息。 分析:口语表达,表示数量很多但不精确。
What you really want is to feel different.
你真正想要的,是让自己感觉不一样。
really/ˈriːəli/
adv. 真正地
Ex: What do you really want?
例句翻译:你真正想要什么? 分析:用于强调“本质动机”,与表面对象区分。
feel different/fiːl ˈdɪfrənt/
phr. 感觉不一样
Ex: Sometimes we act just to feel different.
例句翻译:有时候我们行动只是为了感觉不一样。 分析:总结句:行为背后真正追求的是改变内在感受。
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📝 Lesson Reflection
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